Countertraction method for reduction of irreducible subcoracoid dislocation of the shoulder joint with Hill-Sacks lesion / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate clinical outcomes of countertraction method in treating irreducible subcoracoid dislocation of shoulder joint combined with Hill-Sacks injury.@*METHODS@#A total of 56 patients with irreducible subcoracoid dislocation of the shoulder joint combined with Hill-Sacks injury admitted from December 2013 to June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Under the anesthesia of shoulder joint cavity injection, the reduction was performed by using anti-traction method (experimental group) and traditional Hippocrates method (control group), 28 cases in each group. There were 11 males and 17 females in experimental group, with an average age of (61.95±19.32) years old, 9 cases on the left side, and 19 cases on the right side. Twelve males and 16 females in control group, with an average age of (63.13±12.75) years old, 11 cases on the left side, 17 cases on the right side. The curative effects between two groups were evaluated before and after operation, including the success rate of reduction, the duration of reduction, the distance from successful reduction to injury, complications and functional rehabilitation(Constant score of shoulder joint).@*RESULTS@#The success rates of reduction in experimental group and control group were 92.86%(26/28) and 67.86% (19/28), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The duration of simple reduction was (4.25±2.13) min and ( 6.31±1.69) min, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);the time from successful reduction to injury was (9.16±0.94) h and (8.94±1.31) h, respectively, with no significant difference(P>0.05). There were no complications such as vascular nerve injury and fracture in experimental group, 2 cases of axillary nerve injury and 1 case of humeral head fracture in control group. Constant scores of shoulder joint between experimental group and control group were (92.34±5.62) points and (90.91±4.73) points, respectively, with no significant difference (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#For patients with irreducible subcoracoid dislocation of the shoulder joint with Hill-Sacks injury, the countertraction method under anesthesia of the shoulder joint cavity achieved a higher success rate and few complications.

Gene Mutation Types and Ethnic Distribution Characteristic of Thalassemia in Guiyang / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the genetic mutation types and ethnic distribution characteristics of thalassemia in Guiyang.@*METHODS@#The population underwent physical examination, antenatal examination and pre-pregnancy examination in our hospital from January 2019 to November 2019 was selected, and the thalassemia gene was detected by RDB-PCR.@*RESULTS@#Among the 4 572 samples, 346 were positive , and the total carrying rate was 7.57%. The carrying rate of α-thalassaemia gene was 5.42% (248 cases), while β-thalassemia was 1.99% (91 cases), and α+β-compound thalassemia was 0.15% (7 cases). α-thalassaemia genotype with the lack of right side -α@*CONCLUSION@#The gene types of thalassemia in Guiyang are complex and varied. The -α

Tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside protects against sodium azide-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in human neuroblastoma cells / 中草药·英文版

Objective: Mitochondrial dysfunction is evident in the early stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore development of drugs that protect mitochondrial function is a promising strategy for AD. The present work was to investigate the effects of 2, 3, 5, 4′-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-d-glucosides (TSG) on a mitochondrial dysfunction cell model induced by sodium azide and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Methods: Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was detected by a fluorescence method. Cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level was measured using a firefly luciferase-based kit. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected using dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA). The expression levels of Bcl-2 and Bax were measured by Western blotting assay. Flow cytometry was utilized to measure apoptosis. Results: Pretreatment of TSG (25–200 μmol/L) for 24 h significantly elevated MMP and ATP content, reduced ROS level and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and inhibited apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells exposed to sodium azide. Conclusion: These results suggest that TSG protects SH-SY5Y cells against sodium azide-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. These findings are helpful to understand the protective effect of TSG on mitochondria, which are involved in the early stage of AD.

Clinical results of arthroscopic suture for meniscal tear in middle aged adults / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the characteristics and clinical effect of total hip arthroplasty(THA) for osteoarthritis and (or) avascular necrosis of femoral head after failure of internal fixation of acetabular fracture.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From February 2009 to October 2014, 31 patients (31 hips) with hip traumatic osteoarthritis and (or) femoral head avascular necrosis after failure of internal fixation of acetabular fracture were treated with THA including 26 males and 5 females, who injured when the average age of(41±12) years. THA were performed, and the duration ranged from 3 to 132 months with a mean of(20.6±26.9) months secondary to traumatic osteoarthritis and(or) femoral head avascular necrosis. All THA were performed with posterior-lateral approach. The postoperative complications were observed. VAS and Harris hip scores were compared pre-operation and post-operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Twenty-seven cases were followed up, and the duration ranged from 12 to 80 months with a mean of (43.2±11.7) months. One patient had infection around prosthesis. Aseptic loosening occurred in 1 patient, dislocation of prosthesis in 1 patient. No sciatic nerve injury occurred. Hip function and gaits were obviously improved. To the last follow-up, VAS score was decreased from 7.6±1.2 pre-operatively to 1.2±0.9 post-operatively, while the Harris score was improved from 45.5±13.6 pre-operatively to 88.5±7.8 post-operatively, both differences were statistically significant(<0.01). The post-operative ROM of hip was significantly improved compared to pre-operative ROM(<0.05), in addition to extension motion. X-ray showed all the acetabular cups were stable, one femur stem subsided 3 mm. Heterotopic ossification occurred in 2 cases.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Correct dealing with of internal fixation implants, looking out potential infection and reasonable reconstruction of acetabular bone deficiency were the key to the success of THA for osteoarthritis and(or) avascular necrosis of femoral head after failure of internal fixation of acetabular fracture.</p>

LIM kinases and their roles in the nervous system / 浙江大学学报·医学版

LIM kinase-1 (LIMK1) and LIM kinase-2 (LIMK2) are kinases that have serine/threonine and tyrosine dual specificity. Although they show significant structural similarity, LIMK1 and LIMK2 have different expression patterns, subcellular localization, and functions. Activation of LIM kinases regulates the downstream of Rho GTPases, and influences the architecture of the actin cytoskeleton by regulating the activity of cofilin. Recent studies have shown that LIM kinases play important roles in the nervous system. For example, development of the central nervous system is reliant upon the presence of LIMK1, and deletion of Limk1 gene is involved in the development of the human genetic disorder Williams syndrome. Therefore, it is of vital physiological significance to investigate the neuronal function of LIM kinases. In this review, we outline the structure, phosphorylation regulation and neuronal function of LIM kinases, so as to provide new ideas for the treatment of these neurological diseases.

Effects of icariin on beta-amyloid and neurotrophic factors in brain of mitochondrial deficiency model rats / 中国中药杂志

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of icariin (ICA) on the content of beta-amyloid (Abeta) and the expression of neurotrophic factors in the brain of mitochondrial deficiency model rats. SD rats were infused subcutaneously with sodium azide, which is an inhibitor of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV, via a minipump (0. 5 mg . kg-1 h-1) for 28 days to establish the mitochondrial deficiency animal model. The activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV (i. e. cytochrome C oxidase, COX) in hippocampus was measured by biochemical methods. ELISA method was used to detect the content of Abeta in the brain. The expression of neurotrophic factors was detected by Western blot and immunohistochemistry methods. Image analysis was performed by Image-pro software. The results showed that chronic infusion of sodium azide by minipump induced a significant decrease in the activity of mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase, an obvious increase in the content of Abeta, and a marked decline in the expression of nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor TrkB in the brain of rats. Intragastrical administration of ICA (12 or 36 mg . kg-l) significantly ameliorated all these abnormalities in the model rats. In conclusion, ICA can increase mitochondrial activity, inhibit Abeta production, and enhance the expression of neurotrophic factors in the brain of model rats induced by sodium azide. The results suggested that ICA may have beneficial prospect for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Effects of Shenwu capsule on learning-memory ability and cholinergic function of brain in AD-like rat model induced by chronic infusion of sodium azide by minipump / 中国中药杂志

Because of the proposed importance of mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase (COX) decrease in Alzheimer's disease (AD) , the protective effect of Shenwu capsule on mitochondrial deficiency model rats and its pharmacological mechanism were investigated in present study. Rats were administered with azide at 1 mg . kg-1 . h-1 subcutaneously via an Alzet minipump for 30 days. Tweny-four hours after the operation, the rats were administered intragastrically by Shenwu capsule with the dose of 0. 45, 0. 9 and 1. 8 g . kg-1 . d-1 for one month. Then learning-memory ability was determined by the watermaze test and passive avoidance tests. The activity of choline-acetyl-transfertase(ChAT) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in hippocampus and cortex of rats were measured by radiochemical method and hydroxylamine colorimetry separately. M-cholinergic receptor binding ability (M-binding) was assayed by radio binding. Chronic infusion of sodium azide via minipump induced learning-memory deficiency of rats. Both ChAT activity and M-binding decreased in hippocampus and cortex of model rats, however, the activity of AChE increased in hippocampus and was not affected at the cortex. As the result, the cholinergic function of the brain decreased in model rats. Shenwu capsule significantly improved learning and memory ability and the mechanism may be related with the improved cholinergic function in model brain: ChAT activity and M-binding significantly increased in Shenwu treated groups compared with model group; and the increased activity of AChE in hippocampus returned to normal. Mitochondria, especially mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase, may play the key role in the early event of AD. Chronic, partial in vivo inhibition of mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase in rats provides a suitable model mimicking several aspects of AD. Shenwu capsule indicate effectiveness in AD-like mitochondrial deficiency model rats, so it would be applied in the treatment of AD.

An experimental study of correction of idiopathic-type scoliosis by staple / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the feasibility of the correction idiopathic-type scoliosis by implanting the staple in growing animal models.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fourteen female goats were performed unilateral pedicle screws asymmetric tethering in left side in combination with right rib resection (age: 5 to 8 weeks, weight: 6 to 8 kg). The observing time was about 8 weeks. Goats that had been created scoliosis model successfully were classified in 2 groups randomly.</p><p><b>CONTROL GROUP</b>just removing the posterior tether, no treatment was offered. Correct group: the removing of posterior tether and the stapling of anterior spinal epiphysis were performed simultaneously. Dorsoventral and lateral plain radiographs were taken preoperatively and postoperatively. Serial X-ray postoperatively were performed every 4 weeks to measure the Cobb angle of the spine and to observe the condition of the insert. The observing time is about 8 weeks.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Radiography showed that 12 goats had created scoliosis model successfully. CONTROL GROUP (n = 6): Series X-ray show that the change of the Cobb angle was not obviously. The initial curves after the procedures measured an average of 40.8 degrees (28 degrees-56 degrees), the average Cobb angle was 42.5 degrees (30 degrees-58 degrees) after 8 weeks, no statistics difference are found (P > 0.05). Treatment group (n = 6): no complication such as pedicel screw break, instrument loosen, dislocation, injury of blood vessel, nerve injury and organ injury of thoracic cavity etc, were found during the observing period. The initial curves after the procedures measured an average of 44.5 degrees (36 degrees-57 degrees), to some degree, the Cobb angle decreased and the average was 42.5 degrees (30 degrees-58 degrees) after 8 weeks. There are statistics difference between the initial and final curves (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>As a means of mechanical modulation, stapling can be manipulate conveniently and safely, and can modulate the spinal growth of the animal model successfully, predicted that it may be a new selection for idiopathic-type scoliosis in growing children.</p>

Experimental study on controlling unilateral spine growth by shape memory alloy staple / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects that shape memory alloy (SMA) staples implanted to the lateral aspect of the thoracic vertebrae on spinal growth in goats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixteen goats (age 2 - 3 months) were divided into 3 groups: six in single staple group; six in double staples group and four in control group. Single staples group underwent right-side thoracotomy for exposing the thoracic spine through the eighth rib. Five SMA staples were placed laterally into vertebral bodies of T(6 - 11) spanning discs. Double staples group underwent the same operation. Laterally directed 10 SMA staples were placed into vertebrae of T(6 - 11) spanning discs and two staple spanning each disc. The last four goats in control groups just only underwent right-side thoracotomy. In the next 4 months after operation, radiographs were taken to observe the spinal growth every month.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The radiographic analysis demonstrated scoliosis of 12.83 degrees +/- 12.17 degrees in single staple group and 12.00 degrees +/- 3.22 degrees in double staple group after 2 months of the operation. Cobb angle of 6.00 degrees +/- 4.94 degrees and 25.17 degrees +/- 3.71 degrees were observed in the two groups respectively after 4 months of operation, as compared with 0 degrees in the control groups. Only 2 goats developed kyphosis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Compression between vertebral bodies by SMA staples can depress spinal growth in the same side and greater compression result in larger curves.</p>

Effect of Jintong Capsule on the Mice Models of Tourette Syndrome / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To observe effect of Jintong capsule on model mice of tourette syndrome (TS).Methods TS models of mouse were established by intraperitoneal injection of amphetamine (AMP) or subcutaneous injection of apomorphine (APO). The animals were randomly divided into the normal control group, model group, Jintong capsule large dose group, Jintong capsule small dose group and haloperidol control group. The spontaneous movements and grasping action of model animals were observed and the contents of dopamine and its products of metabolism in striatum of animals were detected.Results The abnormal hyperactivity and the content of dopamine of Jintong capsule groups in striatum of AMP model mice were lower than that of the model group ( P< 0.05 ), and the grasping time of Jintong capsule groups in APO model mice shorten compare with the control group ( P<0.05).Conclusion Jintong capsule can ameliorate hyperactivity behaviors of these two animal models, and decrease the content of dopamine in striatum.

Effects of Jian-Xing on three animal models to mimic muscle tremors of Parkinson's disease / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo develop three animal models to mimic muscle tremors of Parkinson's disease and observe effects of Chinese herb compounds Jian-Xing on these models.MethodsPure muscle tremor mice models were developed by single intraperitoneal injection of arecoline or oxotremorine. The mitochondria damaged model was developed by intraperitoneal injection of MPTP(1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) 20mg/kg for 8 days. Duration time of tremoring was recorded. The climbing time and spontaneous movements of MPTP mice were recorded. HPLC was used to detect the content of dopamine and it's metabolites in MPTP mice.ResultsAfter injection of oxotremorine or arecoline,model mice exhibited significant tremoring, duration time of tremor of mice in Jian-Xing group shortened significantly. As to MPTP model mice, climbing time of model mice prolonged, times of spontaneous movements of model mice decreased and the content of dopamine in striaturn decreased compared with control group. Climbing time of mice in Jian-Xing group shortened, spontaneous movements increased and content of dopamine increased distinctively. ConclusionOxotremorine, arecoline and MPTP all can produce tremor animal models. Chinese herb compounds Jian-Xing can shorten the duration time of tremor.As to MPTP model, Jian-Xing can shorten the climbing time of model mice, increase the spontaneous movements and increase the content of dopamine in striaturn.

Effects of Shen-wu Capsule on motor function and content of dopamine in striatum in Huntington model rats / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo investigate the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases and the pharmacological effects of Shen-wu Capsule.MethodsSD rats were divided into 6 groups with 10 rats each:model group was developed by peritoneal injection of 3-nitropropionic acid(3-NPA) 20mg/kg, once every another day. Haloferidoli was used as the positive drug (given to positive control group from 10μg/100g/day to 100μg/100g/day, during modeling). Low dose of Shen-wu Capsule is 0.45g/kg; middle dose of Shen-wu Capsule is 0.9g/kg; high dose of Shen-wu Capsule is 1.8g/kg (once a day for 25days). The rats in normal control group were peritoneally injected with saline and were fed with water.The open field test was used to test the space recognition ability and excitability of CNS of rats. The climbing test was used to test strength of muscles.The content of dopamine(DA) and it's metabolite dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC),5-HT in stratium of all groups were detected by high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC-ECD).ResultsThe 3-NPA model rats showed decrease of activity, rigidity and stagger just like clinical patients with Huntington's diseases. In open field test all indexes of 3-NPA model rats are decreased (P<0.05), while Shen-wu Capsule low dose and high dose can improve all the indexes. There is no difference in strength of muscles among all groups. The content of DA,DOPAC and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were distinctly decreased in 3-NPA model rats(P<0.01); rats in three groups of Shen-wu Capsule and positive drug control groups showed increased content of these neurotransmitter(P<0.01). Conclusions Rats injected with 3-NPA can mimic the abnormal behaviors and changes of neurotransmitter in stratium of Huntington's patients, Shen-wu Capsule can ameliorate the behavior of model animals and improve the content of DA,DOPAC and 5-HT in stratium.